Apparatus for engraving the interior surface of hollow articles.



K. SGHWAHN. I

APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING'THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF HOLLOW ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1909.

1,003,126, Patented Sept. 12,1911.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

K. SOHWAHN. APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF HOLLOWARTICLES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1909.

1,003,126. Patented Sept. 12,1911.

3 SHEETSBHBET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOCIRAPH $0.. WASHINGTQN, D. c.

K. SGHWAHN.

APPARATUS FOR ENGRAVING THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF HOLLOW ARTICLES.

A PPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1909.

1,003,126; r Y Patented Sept. 12,1911.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KONRAD SCHWAHN, 0F HANAU, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR ENG-RAVING THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF HOLLOW ARTICLES.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KONRAD SOHWAI-IN, jewelry manufacturer, a subject ofthe German Emperor, and resident of Hanan, in the Kingdom of Prussia,Germany, with the post-office address Wilhelmstrasse No. 11, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Engraving theInterior Surfaces of Hollow Articles, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to a modified construction of the apparatusdescribed in my Patent No. 990,912, May 2, 1911 for engraving theinterior surface of hollow articles, more especially rings. In thatapparatus the support for the ring while it is being rolled over thematrix roller is a movable table or rotary roller having at itsperiphery a groove corresponding with the outer periphery of the ring.

According to the present invention the surface of the support is aconcave curve and the support either rotates with the ring or isstationary so that the latter slides on it. The curved surface is, ofcourse, of the same cross section as the ring. It has been proved thatwhen the hollow surface is stationary, the engraving is very good andthe ring becomes somewhat polished on its outer surface. The support mayin this case be constructed as an annular disk the inner periphery ofwhich is grooved to cor respond with the cross section of the ring. Thedisk is arranged eccentrically to the matrix roller and between it andthe latter the ring to be engraved is placed. If the disk is to rotatewith the ring it is preferably journaled on rollers. If it is to bestationary, it may be reduced to a segment of a disk, which segment canbe exchanged for another of different cross section when the type ofring is changed. The various segments may be combined to form a singledisk, which is either an annulus in which case the several supportingsurfaces are on the inner periphery, or a complete disk having thecurved surfaces on the outer periphery. It is then only necessary to setthis disk by rotating it so that the required curve is opposite theoperative point of the matrix roller. Finally the curved surfaces may beon the edge of a straight rail, the position of which is'shiftedrelatively to the matrix roller when the type of ring is changed.

The upper part of the apparatus de- Speeification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 23, 1909.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

Serial No. 519,169.

scribed in the aforesaid patent may be used as the rail, the whole ofthe supporting slide remaining stationary during the engravmg.

Several forms of the apparatus are shown in the accompanying drawingswherein:

Figures 1, 2 and 3 are a side elevation, front elevation and planrespectively of the construction with a fixed interchangeable segmentsupport. Fig. 4 is a part elevation of a form having a rotating annulardisk arranged eccentrically to the matrix roller. Fig. 5 is a partelevation of a form having a fixed annular disk with the curved surfaceson its inner periphery. Fig. 6 shows in front elevation and longitudinalsection a form having a fixed disk with the curved surfaces on its outerperiphery. Figs. ,,7 and 8 are a front elevation and side elevationrespectively of a construction in which the curved surfaces are on anadjustable rail. Figs. 9, 10 and 11 show three further modifications.Fig. 12 shows a development of a matrix roller and Figs. 13 and 14 showthe roller in side elevation and longitudinal section respectively.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 3 the matrix roller 3 on theshaft 2 isrotated by the handle 1. Above this matrix roller there is thesegmental support 4, the curved face of which corresponds with thediameter of the ring. The support is adjustable in the slide 5 by ascrewand nut 6 in a direction radial to the matrix roller and isconstantly pressed away from the latter by a spring 7. The ring 8 to beengraved is placed over the matrix roller, and is prevented fromslipping off by the sleeve 9. The support 4 is then so adjusted by thescrew 6 that it bears tightly on the ring 8; by now rotating the handle1 the ring slips in the curve of the support and is at the same timeengraved. In the form, in which the support is a ring adapted to rotate,as in Fig. 4:, this ring 10 is mounted eccentrically to the shaft 2 androtates with its periphery against two rollers 11 journaled in a casing12 partly surrounding the ring and mounted by a screw 13 a slide similarto the slide 5 (Fig. 2). When the handle 1 is rotated, the revolvingring 8 takes the ring 10 with it and there is no slipping between them.If the supporting ring is to be fixed, its inner periphery has a numberof curved facets (Fig. 5) corresponding with the rings of differentradius.

When the size of the ring to be engraved. is changed the ring is turnedand fixed by a suitable device such as a pin engaging in one of theholes 14, with therequired facet in the supporting position.

In the construction shown in Fig. 6 the several curved facets are on theouter periphery of the supporting ring 10.

In the construction shown in Fig, 6 the several curved surfaces orfacets are on the outer periphery of a vertically adjustable disk 10Which is raised into engagement with the ring from below. This disk isalso adjustable angularly .by means such as those shown in order tobring the several facets into operative position. i

In the construction shown Figs. 8 and 9 the matrix roller 3 is driven bya handle 1 through gearing 15, and there is a ring supporting slide 16.This slide, however, does not move during the engraving but is adjustedbeforehand :for the particular diamej iter of the ring to be engraved.The operative surface of the slide is constituted by a rail 17 having anumber of curved surfaces .corresponding to the different diameters oferings; and said rail is adjustable in a vertical direction with respectto the slide and: also with respect to the ring, by means such as awedge 18 interposed between the slide and rail and adjustablelongitudinally by a screw 19. In this manner the curved surface actingfor the time being as the support can be exactly adjusted vertically tosuit the thickness of the ring. The slide carrying the rail 17 isshifted before the engraving operation .so as to bring the curvedsurface corresponding with the ring to :be' engraved under the matrixroller 3. The spring pin 20 then snaps into one of the holes 21 and theslide retained in place: The ring is then placed between the support andmatrix holder 3 and the sleeve 9 is screwed on to hold the ring in.place. By: turning the screw 19 the wedge 18 is moved and the rail 17raised sufliciently to hold the ringagainst the matrix roller 3. The

:handle 1 is then rotated and the matrix roller is rotated through thegearing 15;. and ring 8 slips :in the curved surface of the support andis engraved. The gearing 15 reduces the speed of rotation of the handle1 so that the force exerted is greater and morle uniform than if .ahigher 'speed'were use In the construction showni-n Fig, 9 the:semi-circular support 23 rests in the .sta-* tionary bearer 22, the ringto be engraved 1 resting in the support and therefore lying closely toit. "When the matrix roller '25 is rotated the ring 21 and its support23 rotate with it, the latter rotating in the fixed bearer 22. Between.22 and 23 rollers for B like.

support 23 strips of soft material such as completely surrounds the ring24. It is divided into two parts at 26, the two parts being connectedtogether by hinges or the In both these last constructions the support23 may be rigidly connected with the matrix roller in any suitablemanner.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 1 the support for the ring24 iscomposed of sectors 23 which lie'in andiare held together by an outerring 27. The latter is cut away at 28, so that it can be sprung open forremoving the sectors 23. The ends 28 may be held together by a screw orkey or by hinges, or the outer surface of ring 27 may have a conicalthread and a corresponding sleeve may screw on this thread so as topress the ring together. The ring 27 rotates in a suitable bearing 22andmay also .be rigidly connected with the matrix roller 25 Instead ofthe three sectors shown there may of course, be more.

A number of sets ,of sectors for each size of ring are furnished witheach machine, but all the sectors =fit the outer ring-2 7 In ordinarymachines of this kind the matrix roller is made up of separate typeslying parallel to the axis of the roller. This arrangement has thedisadvantage that cursive writing, which is generally desired, thedistance between the separate letters is very irregular, and so theeffect is poor. According to the present invention this disadvantage isremoved by sloping the types relatively to the axis of the roller in thedirection of the slope of the letters.

fectly regular, like cursive writing. Fig 12 shows the periphery of sucha roller developed'along a plane. The typesv 29 are sloped in thedirection of the slope .of the letters so that the distance [between theletters is that of ordinary Writing. Fig. 13 shows such a matrix rollerin elevation and Fig 1 1 in section. The types 2 9 are held together bythe screw sleeve 30, .as shown. Preferably, the other .end of the typesare also held together by a small sleeve so as to prevent them fromslipping. The disk 31 may be used for this purpose, its flanged 1 edge32 engaging in a corresponding rabbet 1n .the types. This rabbet may beeither cylindrical .or conical, the flange 32 being made accordingly.

In order that the types may :be easily inserted it is advisable toprovide a locking device .on the handle .or its shaft, such as aclamping screw, brake band or the like so as to hold the handle in anyposition.

Now what I claim and desire .to secure by Letters Patent is thefollowing:

1. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like,

means to rotate said roller with the ring placed thereon, and anabutment or support for the ring having a curved surface to engage theouter surface of the ring, and having a fixed or non-rotative relationwith said roller during the engraving operation.

2. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a rotary matrix roller, means to rotatesaid roller with the ring placed thereon, and a support or abutment forthe ring having a curved surface be tween which and the matrix roller aportion of the ring is clamped, said abutment being fixed with respectto the roller during the engraving operation, to present a fixed curvedsurface over which the ring slides.

3. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a rotary matrix roller, a support orabutment for the ring having a curved surface between which and thematrix roller a portion of the ring is clamped, said abutment beingfixed with respect to the roller during the engraving operation, topresent a fixed curved surface over which the ring slides, and means foradjusting said abutment with respect to the matrix roller.

4. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a matrix roller, an abutment fixed withrespect to said roller during the engraving operation and having acurved surface between which and the matrix roller a portion of the ringis clamped and on which the ring slides, and means for adjusting saidabutment toward and away from the matrix roller.

5. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, a rotary matrix roller, and a relatively fixed abutment havinga plurality of dif ferent surfaces between which and said rollerportions of the rings are clamped.

6. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings, arotary matrix roller, and a relatively fixed abutment or support havinga plurality of surfaces of different curvature between which and saidroller portions of the rings are clamped, the different curvatures ofsaid surfaces correspond to difierent ring diameters.

7. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a matrix roller, an abutment or supporthaving a plurality of differently curved surfaces to cooperate with saidroller, and means to adjust said abutment or support in order to bringdifferent surfaces into operative position with respect to said roller.

8. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a matrix roller, an abutment or supporthaving a plurality of different surfaces between which and said rollerportions of the rings are clamped, and means to adjust said support orabutment with respect to said roller in order to bring differentsurfaces into operative position.

9. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of finger rings andthe like, the combination of a rotary matrix roller, a relatively fixedabutment between which and the roller the ring is positioned during theengraving operation, said abutment having a plurality of differentlycurved surfaces to correspond with rings of different diameters, meansto adjust said abutment bodily toward and away from the matrix roller,and other adjusting means for the abutment to bring different surfacesthereof into operative position.

10. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of hollow articlesparticularly of finger-rings the combination of supporting surfaces forthe rings with a rotary roller, having types sloping relatively to theaxis of the roller, substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of hollow articlesparticularly of finger-rings the combination of sup porting surfaces forthe rings with a rotary roller, having types sloping relatively to theaxis of the roller and held by a sleeve, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

12. In a machine for engraving the interior surfaces of hollow articlesparticularly of finger-rings the combination of supporting surfaces forthe rings with a rotary roller, having types sloping relatively to theaxis of the roller and held by a sleeve fitting over the front ends ofthe types, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two witnesses, this 14th day of September, 1909.

KONRAD SGHWAHN.

Witnesses:

EVA SATTLER, ROBERT BIRHL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

